Indicators · Jobs

US unemployment

Normal

4.1% in Aug 2026. The three-month average is 0.07 points below its low of the previous twelve months.

Rise in the three-month average above its low of the previous twelve months, percentage points
Unemployment rate, %

US recessions Periods when this signal was on

What it measures

The US unemployment rate, and how far its three-month average has risen above its lowest point of the previous twelve months.

Why it matters

A rise of half a point has marked the start of every US recession since 1970 (the Sahm rule). Unemployment feeds on itself: lost wages cut spending, and lower spending cuts more jobs.

When it triggers

Triggers when the three-month average is 0.5 points or more above its low of the previous twelve months.

Past triggers

Replaying the rule on the data from Jan 1990, it triggered in Oct 1990, Jul 2001, Jul 2003, Feb 2008, Apr 2020, Jul 2024.

Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics via FRED.